Origin
Canada.

Patronage FCI.

Use
Sled dog to carry heavy loads. Water dog.

FCI CLASSIFICATION
Group 2 (Pinscher and Schnauzer, Molossian type and Swiss Mountain Dog. Section 2.2 Molossoid type, Mountain dog). Without working trial.

Brief historical review
The breed originated in Newfoundland from indigenous dogs and the local big black bear dogs had been brought by the Vikings after the 1100. With the advent of European fishermen a host of other breeds, which have helped to shape and transform the breed, but its main features are preserved. When, in 1610 the colonization of the island began, Newfoundland dog had already largely acquired its own morphology and natural behavior. These features allow them to withstand the harsh, extreme climate and sea storms, when they carried heavy loads in the sled, or served with water and rescue dogs.

Appearance
Newfoundland - is a massive dog with a powerful, muscular body and well-coordinated movements.

Significant proportions
Length of body from the withers to the base of the tail equals the distance from the withers to the ground. The body is compact. Housing of females may be slightly longer and less massive than that of males. The distance from the withers to the underside of the chest is greater than the distance from the underside of the chest to the ground.

Behavior and temperament
The Newfoundland appearance expresses benevolence and softness. Majestic, funny and inventive, he is known for his gentleness and calmness.

Head
Massive. The head of the female dog has the same basic proportions of the male dog, but less massive.

Skull
Skull: broad, with slightly arched crown and very developed inion.

Front part
Nose: large, well pigmented, nostrils are well developed. Color: black with black and white-and-black dogs have black nose, brown - have brown color. Muzzle: pronounced square, deep and moderately short, covered with short, soft fur, skin on the muzzle does not form folds, corners of the mouth are clearly expressed, but not excessively. Cheeks: soft. Bite: scissor or pincer. Eyes: relatively small, deep-set, widely spaced, the lids should not hang down, exposing the red conjunctiva. Eyes color: black and black and white dogs have dark brown, brown dogs assume a lighter shade. Ears: relatively small, triangular with rounded ends. They are well planted on the sides of the back of the skull and lie closely to cheeks. If the ear of an adult dog is brought forward, it will reach the end of the inner corner of an eye, which is located on the same side of the head.

Neck
Strong, muscular, well set on shoulders, long enough to ensure a noble head carriage. There should be no excessively pronounced dewlap on the neck.

Body
The skeleton is massive everywhere. When viewed from the side of the body it is deep and strong.

Topline Direct and strong from withers to croup.

Back
Wide.

Loin
Strong and very muscular.

Croup
Wide with an angle of inclination of about 30 °.

Chest
Broad, extensive and deep with well sprung ribs.

Bottom line of the chest and abdomen
Nearly straight and never tucked up.

Forelimbs
Forelimbs are straight and parallel both when the dog walks at a slow pace and at slow trot. Shoulders: are well muscled, directed backward, make an angle of 45 ° with horizontal line. Elbows: fit closely to the chest. Metacarpi: are slightly slanting. Front feet: big, proportionate to the body, round and gathered into a ball with a strong and compact toes. There are well-developed membranes between the toes. Black and white and black dogs have black nails, brown dogs have horn color nails. If the fingers are white, the claws may not be black.

Back and the hind limbs
As the leading force for cargo transportation, sailing and sweeping motions are largely depend on the hind limbs, their structure is very important. Pelvis should be strong, broad and long. Thighs: broad and muscular. Knee angles: well-marked, but not so much as to give an impression of bent limbs. Shins: strong and fairly long. Metatarsi: are set low and wide apart, rather short, parallel, averted neither in nor out. Hind limbs: strong, well-closed. Claws are of the same color as on the front legs. Dewclaws, if any, should be removed.

Tail
The tail acts as a helm when the Newfoundland swims, so it must be strong and broad at the base. When the dog stands, the tail hangs down and is slightly bent at the end; it gets nearly to the ankle joint or slightly below it. If the dog moves or is excited, the tail is carried high and is slightly curved upwards, but is never curled over the back and is never placed between the legs.

Gait/movement.
Newfoundland forelimbs move with high amplitude and hind limbs serve as a good impetus, creating the impression of indefatigability and power. A slight rocking of back is normal. When speed increases Newfy tends to put his paws closer to the midline, while the topline remains straight.

Wool
Newfoundland has a water resistant double coat. Top hair is long and relatively straight, without any curls. Light waviness is permissible. The undercoat is soft and dense and thicker in the winter than in summer, but is always represented more on the croup and chest.The hair on head, face and ears is short and soft. There are combings on the front and hind legs. The tail is covered with long thick hair, but not in the form of the flag.

Color
Black, white and black and brown. Black: traditional color - is black. The color should be as rich as possible, but with fading in the sun light, brown tint is possible. White markings on chest, toes and (or) the tip of the tail are admitted. The white and black: this type of the breed color has historical significance. The location of the following spots is preferable: a black head with white blaze that goes down to the muzzle, black saddle with evenly distributed spots and a black spot on the croup that is also spread to the tail base. The remaining parts should be white. Specks can be present at a minimum number. Brown: homogeneous color from chocolate to bronze. White markings on chest, toes and (or) the tip of the tail are admitted. The white & black and brown dogs are exhibited in the same class as black dogs.

Height and weight
The average height at the withers of adult males - is 71 cm (28 inches); in adult females - 66 cm (26 inches). Average weight - 68 kg for males; females - 54 kg. Large sizes are more desirable, but harmony, good health, sturdy complexion and correct movements are top-important.

Disadvantages
Any departure from the above mentioned points should be considered as defects, the seriousness of which directly depends on the degree of deviation.
General appearance: high, leggy, the lack of substance.
Skeleton: the impression of looseness, lightweight skeleton.
Character: aggressiveness, cowardliness.
Head: narrow.
Muzzle: long or pointed.
Lips: expressive.
Eyes: round, convex, yellow, clearly visible conjunctiva.
Back: humpbacked, soft or hollow.
Forelimbs: weak metacarpi, splayed legs, paws averted in or out, no membranes.
Hindlimbs: straightened knee angles, cow hocks, barrel hocks, feet averted inward. Tail too short, too long, the tail with a kink, curled tail end.
Gait/movement: festinating or/and shuffling gait, crab-like sideways movements, too narrow position of limbs during movement, lurch gait, front legs cross during movement, clear averting of front legs outward or inward, short step, amble.
Wool: wool is completely open.

Disqualifications
A bad character. Overbite or underbite, wry mouth. Smooth hair. Spots of any color other than white on black or brown dogs. Any other color than black, white-&-black or brown.
Notice: males should have two apparently normal testicles fully descended into the scrotum.